GRE试题（五）
Time –30 minutes
25 Questions
1. Drug companies lose money when manufacturing
drugs that cure those suffering from rare diseases
because selling a drug to only a few people usually
does not recoup manufacturing expenses．Therefore,
a company manufacturing any of the drugs that cure
those suffering from loxemia, an extremely rare
disease, will undoubtedly lose money．
Which of the following, if true, most seriously
weakens the conclusion above？
(A)Several drugs that cure those suffering from
loxemia also cure those suffering from very
common illnesses．
(B)Most of those who contract loxemia also con-
tract another illness concurrently．
(C)Most of the drug companies that manufacture
drugs that cure rare diseases do not manufac-
ture drugs that cure loxemia．
(D)A sizable number of people are afflicted with
one or another rare disease even though each
rare disease afflicts only a small number of
people．
(E)The larger the amount of a drug that is manu-
factured, the lower the manufacturing expense
for each unit of the drug that is produced．
tomb of a warrior killed in 1501 bears a sculpted
portrait depicting him dressed for battle．Some his-
torians attribute the portrait to an artist from that
century, but of the many references to the tomb in
surviving documents, none that predates the 1800’s
mentions the portrait．The portrait is therefore more
likely the work of a much later artist．
Which of the following, if true, would also support
the conclusion of the argument if substituted for the
evidence given concerning the portrait？
(A)The portrait of the warrior was commissioned by
the family of the warrior’s widow．
(B)References in surviving documents mention that
an artist was paid in 1525 for an unspecified
number of works for the church in which the
tomb is located
(C)The warrior is depicted in the portrait as wearing
boots made of a material not used for boots
until the 1700’s．
(D)Some other art treasures from the church in
which the tomb is located have been reliable
dated to the 1400’s．
(E)The portrait of the warrior on the tomb strongly
resembles a portrait of him known to have
been completed during his lifetime．
Questions 3-7
A florist is designing flower arrangements containing two
or more varieties of flowers selected from among six
varieties of flowers：freesias, irises, lilies, peonies, tulips,
and zinnias．All acceptable arrangements conform to the
following conditions：
If an arrangement contains any freesias, it cannot
contain any zinnias．
If an arrangement contains any tulips, it cannot
contain any zinnias．
If an arrangement contains any peonies, it must also
contain at least one zinnia, and there must be
exactly as many zinnias as peonies．
If an arrangement contains any irises, it must also contain
tulips, and there must be twice as many tulips as irises.
If an arrangement contains freesias, the number of
freesias must be greater than the total number of
other flowers used．
3. Which of the following flower arrangements could be
made acceptable simply by adding a tulip？
(A)Three freesias, one lily, two tulips
(B)Four freesias, two peonies, one tulip
(C)Five freesias, one iris, one tulip
(D)Two irises, two tulips, two zinnias
(E)Two lilies, two peonies, two tulips
h of the following, if added to an unacceptable
flower arrangement consisting of four tulips and two
freesias, would make the arrangement acceptable？
(A)Four freesias
(B)Four irises
(C)Two lilies
(D)Two peonies
(E)Two zinnias
of the following is a pair of varieties of flowers
that can be used together in an acceptable flower
arrangement EXCEPT
(A)freesias and irises
(B)freesias and tulips
(C)irises and lilies
(D)irises and peonies
(E)lilies and zinnias
h of the following unacceptable flower arrange-
ments could be made acceptable simply by removing
some or all of the flowers of one variety？
(A)Four freesias, one iris, one lily, one peony
(B)Four freesias, one iris, two tulips, one zinnia
(C)Four freesias, two irises, two tulips, one zinnia
(D)Three freesias, one lily, one peony, two zinnias
(E)Three freesias, two peonies, one tulip, two zinnias
an unacceptable flower arrangement consisting of
four freesias, one lily, one peony, and two tulips is to
be made acceptable by adding or removing only one
flower, which of the following must be done？
(A)Add one freesia
(B)Add one iris
(C)Add one zinnia
(D)Remove the peony
(E)Remove one tulip
ntist：More than 1, 000 large asteroids regularly
cross the Earth’s path．Even though the probabil-
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GRE试题（五）
ity of one colliding with the Earth is extremely
slight, we should do whatever we can to reduce
that probability since any such collision would
be catastrophic．The best way to avoid such a
disaster is to deflect the asteroids．The only
known way of deflecting asteroids is by hitting
them with nuclear weapons that would be stored
in space stations．
The scientist’s claims are structured so as to lead to
which of the following conclusions？
(A)Nuclear technology is the only technology that
can plausibly be used to prevent natural
catastrophes．
(B)Nuclear weapons should be deployed in space．
(C)No catastrophe has yet been caused by the
collision of an asteroid with the Earth．
(D)The 1, 000 large asteroids that cross the Earth’s
path pose only an extremely slight risk of
colliding with the Earth．
(E)There is currently no acceptable use to which
nuclear weapons can be put, aside from pro-
tecting the Earth from asteroids．
has long been thought that high levels of the hor-
mone testosterone contribute to the onset of heart
disease in men．However, this view cannot be correct,
since men who have heart disease typically show
significantly lower levels of testosterone than do men
who have not had heart disease．
The argument above assumes which of the following？
(A)Many men who have never had heart disease
have unusually low levels of testosterone．
(B)Having heart disease does not significantly lower
the level of testosterone in men．
(C)Levels of hormones other than testosterone
significantly affect the likelihood that a man
will develop heart disease．
(D)Heart disease and lowered testosterone levels in
men are the effects of a single common cause．
(E)High levels of testosterone have never been
thought to contribute to a serious disease other
than heart disease
time-out technique involves removing the child from
an undesirable situation in order to let the child think
things over．Over the last two decades, family doctors
have been advocating this technique as preferable to
spanking, which is now known to be potentially injurious
and no more effective．
h of the following can properly be concluded
from the data presented in the graph？
(A)The 1962 survey was based on a larger sample
than the 1992 survey was．
(B)In the period between the surveys, denying tele-
vision privileges was never the disciplinary
technique most popular with parents．
(C)The four disciplinary techniques featured in the
graph were the only disciplinary techniques
named by parents in either survey．
(D)The 1962 survey allowed parents to name more
than one disciplinary technique, but the 1992
survey may not have allowed this．
(E)In the period between the surveys, there were
no significant changes in the popularity of lec-
turing children as a disciplinary method．
le who engage in scuba diving are healthier, on
average, than people who do not engage in this
activity．Therefore, scuba diving tends to promote
improved health．
The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the
grounds that it
(A)presupposes that everyone who takes up scuba
diving does so solely for health reasons
(B)leads to a further and falsifiable conclusion that
no one can achieve good health without
engaging in scuba diving
(C)fails to point out that a small number of people
are seriously injured in scuba diving accidents
each year
(D)treats a precondition for improving one’s health
as though it were something that by itself
could ensure good health
(E)overlooks the possibility that people generally do
not take up scuba diving unless they are in
good health
Questions 12-15
An art museum owns six paintings by an eighteenth-
century painter．The paintings, listed in order by esti-
mated value from lowest to highest, are F, G, H, S, T,
and U．Paintings F, G, and H are landscapes; S, T, and U
are portraits．At any one time, exactly three of the six
paintings are on exhibit, subject to the following
restrictions:
The paintings on exhibit cannot all be landscapes．
If the exhibit includes only one portrait, that portrait
must be U．
H cannot be on exhibit at any time that T is on exhibit.
h of the following could be the three paintings
on exhibit at some point？
(A)F, G, and H
(B)F, G, and T
(C)G, H, and S
(D)G, S, and U
(E)H, T, and U
h of the following, if they are the first two
paintings selected for inclusion in a future exhibit,
leave the widest choice of paintings for the third
painting in that future exhibit？
(A)F and G
(B)G and H
(C)H and U
(D)S and T
(E)S and U
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GRE试题（五）
exhibit must include S if which of the following
is true？
(A)T is included in the exhibit．
(B)T is not included in the exhibit．
(C)H is the only landscape included in the exhibit．
(D)U is included in the exhibit．
(E)The exhibit includes either F or G, but not both．
U is undergoing restoration and is not available to
be exhibited, which of the following is a painting that
CANNOT then be exhibited？
(A)F
(B)G
(C)H
(D)S
(E)T
Questions 16-22
In each of the five consecutive days of a cooks’ con-
tention, exactly one of five well-known cooks―G, H, J,
K, and L―will cook a demonstration meal．Each of the
five cooks will cook exactly one of the five meals．The
schedule for the cooks is constrained by the following
conditions：
H cannot cook on any of the first three days．
L must cook on one of the days before the day on
which H cooks．
J must cook on one of the days before the day on
which G cooks．
G must cook on one of the days before the day on
which K cooks．
h of the following can be the order, from first to
fifth, in which the five cooks cook the meals？
(A)G, K, L, J, H
(B)J, G, K, H, L
(C)J, G, K, L, H
(D)J, K, G, L, H
(E)L, J, H, K, G
K cooks the fourth meal, which of the following
must be true？
(A)G cooks on the third day．
(B)H cooks on the fifth day．
(C)J cooks on the first day．
(D)J cooks on the second day．
(E)L cooks on the third day．
h of the following can be true？
(A)G cooks the first meal．
(B)J cooks the fourth meal．
(C)L cooks the fifth meal．
(D)H cooks on some day before G cooks．
(E)L cooks on some day after K cooks．
G cooks a meal on some day before L does, then it
must be true that
(A)G cooks the second meal
(B)J cooks the third meal
(C)H cooks the fourth meal
(D)K cooks the fifth meal
(E)L cooks the fourth meal
J does not cook on the first day, then it must be
true that
(A)G does not cook the third meal
(B)H does not cook the fourth meal
(C)J does not cook the second meal
(D)L does not cook the third meal
(E)K does not cook the fifth meal
H does not cook the fifth meal, which of the fol-
lowing must be true？
(A)G cooks the second meal．
(B)J cooks the first meal．
(C)J cooks the second meal．
(D)K cooks the fifth meal．
(E)L cooks the first meal．
G cooks the third meal, which of the following
is true？
(A)L is the only one of the five cooks who can
cook the first meal．
(B)J is the only one of the five cooks who can
cook the second meal．
(C)Any one of exactly three of the five cooks can
cook the second meal．
(D)K is the only one of the five cooks who can
cook the fourth meal．
(E)Either one of exactly two of the five cooks can
cook the fifth meal．
h of the following most logically completes the
argument below？
In recent years, the proportion of car buyers who buy
new cars rather than used cars has declined．Some
consumers have attributed this change to an increase
in new-car prices．As evidence of the price increase,
they cite figures that show that, even adjusting for
inflation, the price that the buyer of a new car pays,
on average, is far higher now than a few years ago．
This evidence is unpersuasive, however, because
(A)the value of a car that is bought new declines
much more rapidly than does the value of a
car that is bought used
(B)after someone has bought a car, it might be
several years before that person next buys
a car
(C)a decline in the proportion of car buyers who
buy new cars must necessarily mean that the
proportion who buy used cars has increased
(D)the relative increase in used-car sales might be
explained by the decisions of only a small
proportion of all car buyers
(E)the change in the average price paid for a new
car could result solely from more people’s
rejecting inexpensive new cars in favor of used
cars
Bassaria a group of that country’s most senior
judges has criticized the uniform mandatory sentences
recently introduced for certain specific crimes．The
judges argue that such sentences, by depriving them
of all discretion in setting sentences, make it impos-
sible for them to consider either aggravating or exten-
uating circumstances and so make it impossible to
achieve true justice―the fitting of the severity of the
punishment to the gravity of the particular crime．
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest
evidence for the claim that in Bassaria the newly
introduced mandatory sentences are not necessarily a
change for the worse with respect to ac
GRE试题（五）
hieving true
justice as defined in the argument？
(A)Before mandatory sentencing, judges in eastern
Bassaria imposed strikingly different sentences
from those in western Bassaria for equally
grave instances of the same kind of offense．
(B)In Bassaria the frequency of crimes that have
been made subject to mandatory sentences is
lower now than it was just prior to the intro-
duction of mandatory sentencing．
(C)The law introducing mandatory sentences was
passed in the legislature of Bassaria by a large
majority and is unlikely to be repealed in the
foreseeable future．
(D)There used to be a wide difference between the
minimum and the maximum sentences allowed
by law in cases of crimes now subject to man-
datory sentences．
(E)In Bassaria judges are appointed for life and are
thus not easily influenced by political pressure
groups．
of two particular inspection systems that are based
on different principles would detect all product flaws but
would also erroneously reject three percent of flawless
products．Assuming there is no overlap between the
products erroneously rejected by the two systems and
also no interference between the systems if both operate,
using both systems and rejecting only those products
found flawed by both would be a way of avoiding all
erroneous rejections．
Which of the following most precisely characterizes the
reasoning in the argument？
(A)The reasoning is conclusive, that is, the conclusion
cannot be false if the statements offered in its
support are true．
(B)The reasoning is strong but not conclusive, if the
statements offered in support of the conclusion are
true, they provide good grounds for that conclu-
sion, though it is possible that additional infor-
mation might weaken the argument．
(C)The reasoning is weak; the statements offered in
support of the conclusion, though relevant to it,
by themselves provide at best inadequate grounds for the conclusion．
(D)The reasoning is flawed in that the conclusion is no
more than a paraphrase of one of the pieces of
evidence offered in its support．
(E)The reasoning is flawed in that the argument treats
evidence that a factor is necessary to bring about
an event as if it were evidence that the factor is
sufficient to bring about that event．
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